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Introduction Beginning with the following topology: With the Movistar HGU router configured in "semi-bridge" mode (bridge mode for the purposes of this article), we want to access its 192.168.1.1 management IP (WEB GUI) from the 192.168.2.0 LAN. Configura...

Introduction The AP used in this lab is a Cisco Aironet 1700i Series AP, an AIR-CAP1702I-E-K9. Suppose this AP was bought second-hand and comes with some non-default configuration (including a username/password console CLI access combination we don't know). ...

Introduction For this lab I have the following AP model: AIR-CAP1702I-E-K9. This is an AP I bought second-hand which comes with a non-default configuration to be used as a LAP (Lightweight Access Point) with an WLC. In this situation we cannot reconfigure th...

Introduction We begin where we left off in the article of how to convert a lightweight AP (LAP) to an autonomous AP. We will first show how to access the GUI via a web browser (enabling the HTTP web server, because this setting is not enabled by default on th...

Introduction In many situations, it would be necessary to allow a router to accept interactive command processor of Cisco IOS (EXEC) calls with a modem connected to the auxiliary (AUX) port of the router (out-of-band connection). The topology used on this la...

Introduction After reviewing how to connect and use a modem on Windows 98 we will now use a known-working connection to access a BBS (bulletin board system) via Telnet. mTelnet We will use the mTelnet Telnet client to access any BBS, as this client works ...

Introduction The Hayes command set (also known as the AT command set) is a specific command language originally developed by Dale Heatherington and Dennis Hayes for the Hayes Smartmodem 300 baud modem in 1981. The command set consists of a series of short te...

GBIC A gigabit interface converter (GBIC) is a standard for transceivers, first defined in 1995 and commonly used with Gigabit Ethernet and Fibre Channel. By offering a standard, hot swappable electrical interface, a single gigabit port can support a wide ran...

RAM: Sometimes called DRAM, is used for working storage. The running (active) configuration file is stored here. RAM loses its contents when the switch loses power or is reloaded. Flash memory: Either a chip inside the switch or a removable memory card, fla...

The following list summarizes the most common reasons for choosing to create smaller broadcast domains (VLANs): To reduce CPU overhead on each device, improving host performance, by reducing the number of devices that receive each broadcast frame. To reduc...

Three classes of problems caused by not using STP in redundant LANS: Broadcast storm: The forwarding of a frame repeatedly on the same links, consuming significant parts of the links' capacities. MAC table instability: The continual updating of a switch's ...

Introduction An HGU (which is a device that integrates ONT and router) from Movistar has been changed to work in bridge mode in a SOHO environment, and now the main router/firewall is a pfSense router as in the following topology (this is the same topology use...

Introduction We have an old Windows 98 PC in our home network and we want to manage it via RDP. Since the newest implementations of RDP are not available in Windows 98, one to remote desktop into Windows 98 is using an old compatible version of TightVNC, whic...

Introduction In preparation for another lab (Configuring a modem on the AUX port of a Cisco router for EXEC dial-in connectivity), I needed a second Spanish "fixed" phone number. I actually have one from my ISP company, but needed another one for the mentione...

Introduction to link aggregation Multiple links could be connected instead of a single link between devices to increase bandwidth. However, STP which is enabled on L2 devices like Cisco switches by default, will block redundant links to prevent switching loop...

Cloud Computing versus Data Center The terms data center and cloud computing are often used incorrectly. These are the correct definitions of data center and cloud computing: Data center: Typically, a data storage and processing facility run by an in-house...